The olive tree (Olea europaea) is a small species of tree in the family Oleaceae. It is native to the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean Basin, Africa and parts of Asia. It is widely naturalised in southern and eastern Australia, particularly in temperate regions.It is most common in south-eastern South Australia, but is also naturalized in south-eastern and central Queensland, in the sub-coastal regions of central and northern New South Wales, in western and central Victoria, in many other parts of South Australia, and in the coastal and sub-coastal districts of south-western Western Australia. The history of Olive Farming in Australia dates back to the early 1800’s. Olives were first planted in groves around Parramatta near Sydney.
It is an evergreen tree that grows between 2-12 meters in height and has numerous branches. It is a subtropical broad-leaved evergreen tree with edible fruit. Its leaves, leathery and lance-shaped, are dark green above and silvery on the underside and are paired opposite each other on the twig. The wood is resistant to decay. If the top dies back, a new trunk will often arise from the roots. The olive fruit is classed botanically as a drupe, similar to the peach or plum. Olive trees bloom in late spring; small, whitish flowers are borne in loose clusters in the axils of the leaves.
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